SAP TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT CAN BE
IMPLEMENTED IN FOLLOWING WAYS:-
1. ECC separate
system -----------------------------------------TM
separate system
2. S4(tm)------------------------------------------- completely embedded
3. ECC-----------------------------------------S4(EWM+TM) this is for our TM and EWM
4. S4---------------(DRF)------------------S4(tm+ewm+YL+em)
▪ Business system
group(bsg):-
1. Ecc1—(asia,
dubai) 2. Ecc2(rest of the world)
BSG1 BSG2
One TM system
● In the above example the two business systems was connected
to one TM system and the system will understand from which system the sales
order was triggered with the help of the business system group. This is the
use of a business system group and send
the same information to that particular business system. So whenever entries
are coming from bsg1 system will send the same to bsg1 and the same will happen
to bsg2
1. What are the variants of TM
2. What are the versions of TM
3. Integration between TM and ECC
Release setup
1. Integration
between TM and ECC
●
If we are
working in s4 system then there is no integration is required because they are
on the same platform and SAP has set up an inbuilt setup called BGRFC with the
help of BGRFC system will automatically create the required documents in system
●
But, when
we are working in 9.1 to 9.6 sidecar versions we require CIF(core interface
framework)
ECC--------------------------------TM
CIF
●
CIF helps
you to transfer the data from ECC system to TM system. We can implement it to
CRM, GTT, EWM. We have to adopt CIF.And it is not required in embedded.
CIF is used to transfer the master and org data’s
●
To move transactional data we require (IN standalone)
▪ QRFC
▪ TRFC
▪ QUEUE SCHEDULER
▪ RFC
▪ XI/PI/PO
❖ If we are working on s4 systems we
need not take are of qrfc, trfc, etc.,
Implementation of SAP TM
1. ECC----------------------------------TM(standalone)
2. S4
TM(embedded)-----presently taking training on this model
3. ECC---------------------------------s4(TM,EWM)
● in this scenario we use two systems and
we need some config touch points.and they are two different systems
4. S4---------------(DRF)---------------------s4(TM,
EWM, YL)
❖ Variants of SAP TM:-
1. Shipper
-----Eg:-nestle,cococola,pepsi------->ECC-----TM
2. LSP
(Logistics service provider)--------FEDEX, ups, bluedart---->TM
3. FF
(Freight forworder)-------------DHL, Gati------------>TM
4. Retailer---------------------reliance
trends, Dmart, Walmart------>ECC----TM
✔ In the above examples the shipper will
manufacture the goods.
✔ The LSP will provide the transportation
service they will not manufacture any goods they main activities are selling
the services
✔ In FF they will act as mediators by
supplying their vehicles between the shipper and LSP
✔ Retailers will not manufacture the goods but
they will get the goods on consignment basis.
For shipper and retailer we require both ECC and TM systems
For FF and LSP we require only TM
system o There are two costs
available
1. product cost:
It is the cost for your customer. We
charge this one from the customer when we do customer billing.
2. freight cost:(overhead expense)
It is the cost for our carrier. When the
carrier transports the goods we have to make a payment to the carrier.
▪ In some scenarios the freight
costs can be included in the product costs
Eg:In international and express scenarios
▪ Document
flow for shipper and retailer scenarios: SO/PO/IBD/OBD---------FU,
FO/FB-----charges
------settlement---SES---SPO------MIRO-------------customer
billing (Tcode VF01)
▪ Document
flow for LSP and FF scenarios:
FWO-----FU----FO/FB----charges-----settlement----------billing
document
o
Enterprise
structure----------------master data-------------------Transactional data
On SD side: We
create sales order—so
On
MM side:PO/IBD/PR
On FI side: ledger
accounts , accounts receivables and account payables
On CO side :we
have to setup a controlling area
❖ Enterprise structure: in enterprise structure we have to create
1. Company
2. Company code
3. Plant
4. Shipping point
5. Controlling area
6. Sales organisation
7. Purchase organisation
8. Storage location
9. Distribution channel
10. Division
o
If we are working for SAP TM we have to activate
all the business functions(Tcode---SFW5)
▪ If
we don’t activate all the business functions we cant see the transportation
management node in integration with other SAP components.
▪ Separately
we need not to activate the business functions because in s4 system it comes by
default.
▪ In standalone systems we have to
activate the business functions and the tcode
is SFW5.
▪ In Tcode------->SM59 we have to setup the RFC
connections
▪ If
we are not aware of which version we are working on we have to go to the system
tab and click on the status tab, click on product version details and click on
installed product versions.
▪ Whenever
we are working on a SAP project we have to check whether the optimizer was
installed or not. The optimiser is a separate engine and the tcode to check the
same is RCCF_VERSION.
▪ Number ranges cannot be transported
from lower system to higher system.
❖ Define company path: SPRO----enterprise
structure---definition---financial accounting--- define company
❖ Company code creation path: SPRO---enterprise structure
-----definition----financial
accounting--------copy, delete, check, company code.
▪ The relationship between the
company and company code is one to many
▪ As a general practice
we have to copy the company code from the existing company code
▪ After copying the
company code we have to go to our company code and edit the same
❖ Controlling
area path:SPRO---- enterprise
structure-------definition-------controlling ---maintain controlling area.
❖ Plant
creation path: SPRO----enterprise
structure------definition---------Logistics
general--------define, copy, check plant
❖ Division creation path: enterprise structure----- definition
----------logistics general -define, copy, delete, division
▪ If we want to create a
storage location firstly we have to define our plant because in plant we have
to create a storage location and the storage location is inside in our plant
❖ Storage location path: enterprise
structure-----definition------materials management ------ maintain storage
location
❖ Purchase organisation creation path: enterprise
structure-----definition------materials management-------maintain purchasing
organisation
❖ Shipping point creation path: enterprise
structure----definition------logistics execution-------- define ,copy, delete,
check shipping point
Assignment
of enterprise structure :
❖ Assign company code to company path: enterprise structure -------assignment
----------------financial accounting –assign company code to company path.
●
One
company can have multiple company codes
❖ Assign company code to controlling area
path: enterprise structure -------
Assignment-------controlling ---assign company code to controlling area path.
● One
company code can have multiple controlling areas
❖ Assign plant to company code path: enterprise structure
------Assignment-----------logistics general-------assign plant to company code
● One
company code can have multiple plants and the relationship is one to many and
once you assigned the plant to one company code and the same plant cannot be
assigned to the other company code
❖ Assign business area to plant/ valuation
area and division path: enterprise
structure ------------assignment-----------logistics general-----assign
business area to plant/ valuation area and division ❖ Assign sales organisation to company code: enterprise structure -----definition-------assignment--------sales
and distribution—assign
sales organisation to company code
●
One company code can have multiple sales
organisations and once we assigned the company to one sales organisation we
cannot assign the same sales organisation to a different company code.
❖ Assign distribution channel to sales
organisation path: enterprise
structure ---------definition -----------assignment---------sales and
distribution -----------assign distribution channel to sales organisation.
❖ Assign division to sales organisation path:
enterprise
structure------definition----assignment----------sales and
distribution--------assign division to sales organisation
❖ Setup sales area path: enterprise
structure----------definition-------assignment------sales and distribution------setup
sales area.
❖ Assign purchasing organisation to company
code: enterprise
structure------definition----------assignment-------materials
management------assign purchasing organisation to company code.
❖ Assign purchasing organisation to plant:enterprise structure
---------definition------assignment------materials
management------assign purchasing organisation to plant.
❖ Assign shipping point to plant:enterprise structure
----------definition-------assignment-------logistics
execution---------assign shipping point to plant.
❖ Assign sales organisation, distribution
channel and plant path:enterprise
structure----definition-----assignment------sales and distribution-------assign
sales organisation, distribution channel and plant.
❖ Purchasing group creation path: tcode----ome4 Master data:
1.customer master
2.material
master
3.vendor
master
●
Generally
we create a vendor master the tcodes are
XK01,XK02,XK03
●
And for
customer master we use the tcodes are xd01,xd02, xd03
●
And for
material master we use the tcodes are mm01,mm02,mm03
❖ Traditionally we used these tcodes for
creating the master data but in s4 system we cannot use them because they are absolute now
❖ And in s4 there is a concept called business partner roles and while
creating the customer as business partner we have to assign the customer roles to that particular BP the same follows to
the vendor too.
▪ BP
(business partner) roles for customer are FLCU00, FLCU01
▪ BP
(business partner) roles for vendor are FLVN00, FLVN01
● To check the BP roles in the table the
tcode is se16n and the table is but100 and knvv.
Material
master data:-
▪ To
create material master data the Tcode is
MM01
▪ In
select views we have to select basic
data 1, basic data 2, sales org data 1, sales org data 2, sales/plant general
data, purchasing, purchase order test, MRP1, MRP2, MRP3, MRP4, general plant
data/ storage 1, general plant data/storage 2, accounting 1, accounting 2.
▪ MARA
Is the table which is used to
check and the tcode for table is se16n in
that table we have to enter the table name as mara
❖ Sales document type creation
path(tcode—vov8): spro------sales and
distribution----sales ------sales documents -----------sales documents
header------define sales document types.
● OR is the standard order type IN SAP which is used for defining
sales order types
❖ Creation of a sales order tcode va01
Error message: no pricing
procedure could be determined
▪ Goto
tcode ovkk
▪ To
see the doc.pricing procedure tcode vov8
and it is A
▪ To see the customer
pricing procedure the tcode is BP and
we have to select our customer there we have to select the customer role as FLCU01 and the pricing procedure is 01
▪ The
standard pricing procedure is RVAA01
Error message: control
indicators for controlling area xxx does
not exist
▪ Controlling area path---spro—controlling-----general
controlling-----organisation-----maintain controlling area.
▪ In our controlling area
we have to maintain the cctr std.hierarchy maintain H1 there
▪ After maintaining that
entry we have to click on activate controlling areas and control indicators and
activate all the options and checkboxes.
Error message: ship.condition
01 and loading group 0001 plant xxx stloc not defined
▪ Tcode:OVL2 maintain shipping condition as 01 and and loading group as 0001
Error message: schedule line
category CN not defined.
▪ Tcode:vov5 Give item category as TAN and MRP type is PD and
maintain CN in MSLCA
❖
To determine the pricing procedure
automatically the tcode is VK11 and
the condition type is PR00 and
select radio button customer/material as
with release status
●
Creation
of purchase order: tcode ME21N
●
The
standard purchase order type is NB ● Error
messages while creating purchase order:
1. Account assignment mandatory
for material xxx (enter acc. Ass.
Cat) and the tcode is OMS2 and to
check the material type the table is mara
and the tcode is se16n and our
material type is FERT
●
We have to
goto quantity and value updating there. We have tick the checkboxes of quantity
and value updating.
●
Valuation area is always a plant
●
We have to
check mark the info update so that system will automatically update the price
❖
IN ORGANISATON DATA WE HAVE CREATED:
1. company
2. company code
3. plant
4. shipping point
5. storage location
6. distribution channel
7. division
8. sales organisation
❖ IN
MASTER DATA WE HAVE CREATED :
1. Customer master
2. Material master
3. Vendor master
❖
IN TRANSCATIONAL DATA WE HAVE CREATED:
1. Sales order
2. Purchase order
●
THE MASTER DATA WHICH WE HAVE CREATED IN OUR
ECC SYSTEM THE SAME DATA
IS
APPLICABLE TO OUR TM SYSTEM AND WE HAVE TO TRANSFER THE DATA FROM ECC SYSTEM TO
TM SYSTEM
●
WE DON’T TRANSFER THE PURCHASE ORGANISATION AND THE SALES
ORGANISATION
AND COMPANY CODE TO TM SYSTEM
●
IN TM WE SEPERATELY CREATE A SALES
ORGANISATION, PURCHASE ORGANISATION
●
THE TRANSCATION DATA WHICH WE CREATED IN ECC
SYSTEM WE WILL TRANSFER
THE
SAME TO OUR TM SYSTEM (SALES AND PURCHASE ORDERS)
●
WE HAVE TO TRANSFER THE PLANT, SHIPPING
POINT, STORAGE LOCATION FROM ECC TO TM SYSTEM
●
WHEN WE CREATE A SALES ORDER GOODS ARE
COMING FROM SHIPPING POINT TO OUR CUSTOMER LOCATION AND WHEN WE CREATE A
PURCHASE ORDER THE GOODS ARE COMING FROM VENDOR TO OUR PLANT LOCATION.
❖ POSTING A STOCK:-
● To
post a stock tcode is MIGO
● We
have to enter 501 that is receipt
w/o purchase order and R10 other and
A01 goods receipt
● ERRORS WHILE POSTING A STOCK:-
1. Posting only possible in periods xxx and xxx in company code xxx.
we
have to goto tcode mmpv.
Firstly we have to goto tcode OMSY there we have to check the period.
And after checking the same we have to goto tcode mmpv.
Error 2:check
table T159L entry xxx does not exist
● To
goto plant parameters the table is SM30 and
the table is T159L, clickon customizing------> continue
without specifying project------> clickon plant parameters and activate all
the checkboxes.
Path:
spro------>materials management---------->inventory and physical
inventory------>plant parameters
Error
3: material ledger is not active in valuation area xxx
❖ We
have to goto omx3 tcode.
❖ We
have to goto omx1 tcode to active
material ledger account and maintain price determination as 2 checkmark price determination
binding.
❖ Goto
ckmstart and uncheck the test
run-------> and clickon execute------>checkmark start
immediately------->give your output device as lp01 and to check the same tcode sm37--------> click on execute
Error 4: correct
the customizing settings for ledgers for the universal journal
● Clickon
that particular error and there is a link in that error FIN_CUST_CONS_CHK_P and goto the error message the version 0 of co area xxx is not assigned to any ledger--- click on the question mark to open
that error and there we have to click on define
ledger for CO version and select any predefined data copy the data from the
pre existing ones and from that create a new one
● And
to check whether the stock is posted or not the tcode is
MMBE----click
on execute------>click on stock --------->click on material movements
WE HAVE TO TRANSFER CUSTOMER, VENDOR AND MATERIAL MASTERS
DATA TO TM
SYSTEM AND WE NEED NOT TRANSFER THE MATERIAL MASTER DATA TO
ANY OF THE
SYSTEMS AND THE UNIQUE TRANSCATION IS MM01
Customer is also called as source to party/ship to party
IN TM WE HAVE A CONCEPT CALLED LOCATIONS
Whenever we transfer the customer and
vendor masters to TM system. system
will create a location with location type.
In TM, the source location
is the shipping point and the destination
location is the
customer.
●
TM CONFIGURATION :-
▪ TRANSFER THE CUSTOMER AND VENDOR
MASTER DATA’S TO TM SYSTEM.
Go to tcode SE38 and
create a program called /sapapo/create_location
this is only in s4 system and in standalone system the tcode is NCFM1
●
There we have to transfer our customer, vendor
to check the same path------------>logistics ------->transportation
management-------> master data
--------------------->transportation network------->
location----------->/SCMTMS/LOC3 –LOCATION
●
System will create
the location with location types and the location type for customer is 1021 and for
the vendor also the location type is 1021 basing on partner roles system will identify who is the
customer and vendor and the roles are FLVN00, FLVN01-----> for vendor and
customer the roles are FLCU00 and
FLCU01
●
Customer roles-----------> FLCU00, FLCU01
●
Vendor roles--------------> FLVN00, FLVN01
❖ But
if we are working in standalone system system
will create a location type as
●
For customer -----------> 1010
AND
●
For vendor---------------> 1011
❖ When
we transfer the shipping point from ECC to
TM system will occupy the prefix as SP_XXX here sp stands for shipping point
TM
TRANSACTIONAL CONFIGURATION:-
1. Creation
of control keys: our control key is 0051
Path for creation of control keys: spro
------->transportation
management----->integration---------> logistics
integration------> internal TM component integration--->define control
keys for document integration
● As
a standard practice we shall not create
a control key of our own and should use the standard one which was given by
SAP
● From
0001 to 0020 -------------> external control keys and from 0051 to 0064 they are internal control keys From :
0001
to 0020--------------------> external
control keys
0051
to 0064--------------------> internal
control keys
❖ Control
key is a parameter which will help you to transfer the documents to TM system.
They can be a sales or purchase order.
● Goto
Define transportation relevance of sales documents and create an entry
❖ Path
for creating define transportation
relevance of sales documents:spro------------------------------>transportation
management------->integration ---------->logistics
integration-------------------->internal
TM
component integration----define transportation relevance of sales documents
● If
we maintained shipping conditions as 01 then
system will only transfer the sales order which are created in that particular
shipping conditions to TM And if we remove the shipping
condition and create a sales document integration then irrespective of the
shipping condition the documents will move to TM
● Shipping
conditions are at header level because the sold and ship to party is at header
level
● In
schedule lines if the confirmed quantity is ZERO. system will not create a freight unit.
● Any
document generated in SAP it shall have a document type Document type will
overwrite the shipping conditions if we maintained shipping conditions as 01 in customer master and 02 in sales document type then system
will pick the shipping type from our sales
document type
● Tcode for Fiori apps:-/UI2/FLP
----------->SAP Fiori launch pad
✔ To see the freight unit path: Fiori
apps ----------> planning --------> edit freight unit
●
Freight unit will be generated with the number
series of
41000XXX
●
Freight order will be generated with the number
series of
61000XXX
❖ The
freight unit is the replica of your sales document (general definition) Or
A freight unit is the smallest object which is ready for
transportation process
❖ A
freight unit is the s,a
❖ In SAP TM one document type is a
default one. If system is unable to pick any document type then it will pick
the default document type. And the default document type is 0001
❖ Sales
order is not a planned document its just a requirement document and in the same way freight unit is the
requirement document
❖ In
tm we have default document types. One document type is a default one
● System
is creating a freight unit with the help of LOGISTICS INTEGRATION PROFILE(LIP)
● In
logistics integration profile there is a concept called FREIGHT UNIT BUILDING RULE(FUBR)
❖ FREIGHT UNIT BUILDING RULE(FUBR):
● Freight
unit building rule will help you to determine your freight unit type.
OR
● Freight
unit building rule will help you to determine the respective/required freight
unit type
❖ Now
we are trying to create a logistics integration profile and in that logistics
integration profile(LIP) we are trying
to assign the freight unit building rule (FUBR) and we have assigned this LIP
to define transportation relevance of sales documents to TM.
❖ Our
business system will overwrite the TM functionality
❖ In
order to create a freight order we have to configure the TM MASTER DATA
●
Creation
of freight unit type path:- transportation
management----------------------->planning------>freight
unit-----------> define freight unit types.
●
By using
that path we can create our freight unit type
●
TM works on FIORI
or NWBC
●
If we create a sales order then the source
location is our shipping point and
the destination location is our customer and if we create our purchase order then the source location is our vendor and the destination location is our plant.
●
we have to choose the plan on confirmed quantity
in logistics integration profile then only system will plan on the confirmed
quantities otherwise system will create a freight unit on not confirmed
quantity
●
In the logistics integration profile we have to
check mark the automatic freight unit building then only the system will create
a freight unit. And in sap we cannot create a freight unit manually.
●
To check our list of sales orders the tcode is va05n
●
If we want to create freight unit with our
freight unit type then firstly, we have to create freight unit type, then we have to create a
freight unit building rule in that freight unit building rule we have to link
our freight unit document type then we have to link the FUBR in our logistics integration profile and this logistics
integration profile shall be linked to our sales order relevance to tm
documents
●
Creation
of freight unit building rule path: FIORI APPS-----> profiles and
settings ------> create freight unit building rule
●
We have to give our freight unit document type
in document type
●
After creation of our freight unit building rule
we have to copy the same from the Fiori apps and paste it on our logistics
integration profile.
●
After doing so we can see our document type in freight
unit
●
If we don't have /UI2/FLP—SAP FIORI launch pad ---------> goto
favorites--------> insert transaction------>/UI2/FLP ● we have to insert that
particular transaction.
●
and after clicking on that particular
transaction we have to copy a link and paste it on our google chrome or if it
is IE 11 we can work on that
particular browser.
●
Creation of transportation request tcode
------->se09------>click on
create ------------>click on customizing request----->create our own
request.
❖ UNPLANNED DOCUMENTS IN TM:-
1. Freight
unit
2. Container
3. Transportation
unit
4. Rail
car
5. Vessel
●
to create a freight unit no master data is
required and we required to have master data to create all the documents in TM
like FO/FB, CHARGES,
SETTLEMENT,
SPO, SES, MIRO, CUSTOMER BILLING
●
In order to create a freight order we have to
configure the TM MASTER DATA.
❖ TM MASTER DATA:-
1. Mode
of transport------------------------>road,
rail, sea, air
2. Means
of transport----------------------->truck,
tractor, bus-->in road scenario
Train.------------>in rail scenario
Ship,cruise------>in sea scenario
Aeroplane, helicopter----->in air
scenario
▪ In
simple terms it can be any vehicle
3. Resource ----------------->4 seater car,100 cc truck--->in road
scenario
● SUB
DIVISIONS OF RESOURCES:-
1. Vehicle
resource
2. Handling
unit resource
3. Transportation
unit resource
4. Calendar
resource
5. Driver
resource
▪ Resource
will give the actual capacity of the vehicle
4. Equipment
master data
5. Transportation
zone
6. Transportation
lane
❖ TM ORGANISATION DATA:1. Purchase organisation
2. Purchase
group
3. Sales
organisation
4. Sales
group
5. Sales
office
●
Firstly, we have to create a mode of transport.
●
Secondly we have to create means of transport
●
Thirdly
we have to create a resource
●
when we are creating means of transport system
will ask for resource, and when we create a means of transport system will ask
for mode of transport that is the reason why we have to create mode of
transport, means of transport, resource
●
order
management------>planning------>execution and monitoring---->charges
and settlement
❖ PLANNING IN SAP TM:-
1. Mode of transport path:spro----->transportation
management----->master data---------->transportation
network----->transportation lane--->define transportation mode. ● 01--->road
●
02--->rail
●
03--->sea
●
04--->inland waterway
●
05--->air
●
Note: We
shall not assign our means of transport to a particular mode of transport and
if we are assigning our means of transport to a particular mode of transport
then we are restricting that particular means of transport to that mode of
transport.
●
WE CANNOT
CREATE A FREIGHT UNIT MANUALLY
●
Means of
transport means----> Means of transportation is any of the different
kinds of transport facilities used
for moving goods and people from one location to the other. ... The means of transportation are bus, train,
aeroplane, ship, car, etc while the mode of transportation refers to road, air, sea/ocean, etc.
●
Firstly we have to define our mode of transport
and assign it to our means of transport and after define our means of transport
and assign it our resource
LEGS OF SHIPMENT DETERMINATION:1. Pre carriage
2. Pick
up
3. Main
carriage
4. On
carriage
5. Delivery
Eg:- X customer
has ordered for Y product, from A location to F location and we are using multimode of transport system to
minimise our freight cost ie.,road, rail, sea, and air.
●
X customer-->
Y product----------->A----->road, rail, ocean,
air---->G Canada
▪ A(hyd)--------------->B Chennai
(road)---->pre carriage
▪ B(Chennai)--------->C Mumbai (road)--->pickup
▪ C(Mumbai)--------->D new York (sea)------>main carriage
▪ D(new
york)--------->F montreal
(air)------->on carriage
▪ F(montreal)------->G Ontario (road)------>delivery of
goods to
cus
●
The longest mode of transportation is main carriage
●
Means of
transport is directly proportional to our mode of transport
Means of transport
creation path:-transportation management---->master
data------------->resources---->means of transport and
compartment--->define means of transport
●
we have to create 2 trucks
1. full
truck load
2. less
than truck load
▪ means of transport
means-----> Means of transport means----> Means
of transportation is any of the different kinds of transport facilities used for moving goods and people from one
location to the other. ... The means of
transportation are bus, train, aeroplane, ship, car, etc while the mode of transportation refers to road, air,
sea/ocean, etc.
resource creation
path:- SAP easy access screen------>SAP
menu----->logistics------------------->transportation
management----->master data------->resource------------------------->/scmtms/RES01-resource.
▪ resource
means-------->You can use resource
classes to specify the kind of vehicle that is to be used for your
transportation activities. When you enter the means of transport in the resource master data, the system
automatically determines the resource
class based on the means of transport.
●
While creating your resource master data we
shall not give location because by
doing so you are restricting that particular resource to that particular
location
●
Firstly
we have to define mode of transport and assign the same to means of
transport. Then define means of transport and assign the same to
resource master data
●
If you are creating any master data in the
system always the best practice Is to give the back dated dates and not to give
the front dated dates
●
In resource master data in the ownership tab if
we left that blank then system will think that it’s a leased resource.
Transportation zones definition:-
Transportation Zones as grouping element for
Locations are used to
define the SAP TM
Transportation Network in a more efficient manner by making pure location
definitions obsolete.
▪ To
reduce huge master data we will create zone and we will assign the locations.
From zone it will pick the route determination departure country and zone
▪ In
transportation zone we have to maintain plant and shipping point
Transportation
zones path:- SAP easy access------->sap
menu------>logistics------------------------------->transportation
management-------master data-------->transportation
network---------------->transportation
zone------>/scmtms/zone---->transportation
zone
▪ Whenever
we transfer the shipping point, customer, plant from ECC system automatically
zones will also gets transferred
▪ Whenever
we are creating our plant, shipping point, and customer we have to assign the
zones to them then only we can transfer the same to the TM system and after
doing the same we need to goto tcode SE38
there we have to execute a programm /sapapo/create_location.
And system will
automatically
will create zones
▪ In
the same way transfer the customer also while creating customer in BP assign the destination zone in
customer master data and goto tcode SE38 there we have to execute a programm /sapapo/create_location and system will
automatically
create zones
▪ In intrazone concept we can club
multiple zones Eg we can club north and south zones and we can club source and
destination zones
o If
we want to search in what locations the shipping point is present then we have
to click on open advanced search and
give your location in search bar and click on advance search button we can find
this open advanced search in define transportation zones.
Transportation
zones path in ECC/business system:- logistics
execution----->transportation---->basic
transportation functions---->routes------>route
determination------>define transportation zones.
●
Org.
elements in source zone:
1. Shipping
point
2. Plant
3. Vendor
●
Org.
elements in destination zone:-
1. Sometimes
plant can also be the destination zone
2. Customer
Org.
data in sap tm:-
1. Purchase
organisation, purchasing group it is for our shipper and retailer industries
2. Sales
organisation,sales office and sales group is for our LSP and FF industries
Note: the org.
data which we create in ECC is different and the org data which we create in TM
is different. In ecc it is for our vendor and in TM it is for our carrier.
Creating
organisational model in sap tm path:- transportation
management--->master data-------->organisational
management----->organisational model--->-create organisational model.
●
Tcodes for creating org. data in sap tm are ppome, ppoce
●
If you create the same then system will create
an internal number range
●
Business system group is important when we
integrate with multiple business systems
●
We have to maintain a relationship between our
tm purchase organisation and ECC purchase organisation by assigning the same
purchase org which was created by us in ECC system ie.,BSG.ORG unit in this we have to maintain our ECC purchase
organisation by maintain so we have assigned the ECC purchase organisation to
our TM purchase organisation if we maintained the relationship between them
then system will create SES,SPO,MIRO docs.
●
If we maintain that relationship then only
system will create a SES, SPO, MIRO in ECC system.
●
We should not maintain any bsg org unit while we
are creating our purchasing group in TM why
because that there is no specific relationship between our purchase org and
purchasing grp.
●
In our freight unit type we have to maintain our
TM purchasing organisation and TM purchasing group
●
If you want to transport number ranges from one
system to another system then we have to maintain the BRF conditions then only we
can able to
transfer the same to one system to another system BRF is
called as business rules framework
Creating a condition
path:- Fiori apps----->profile & settings----->conditions
Creating a condition
in NWBC path:- application administration----->general settings
-------->conditions
●
The condition is /SCMTMS/TOR_ORGUNIT this condition is used In order to determine
our purchase org. in tm
●
From the above image we have to maintain our
data in the condition by selecting direct value input
●
There we have to maintain our shipping point
●
By clicking on direct value input we have to
give our purchase organisaton number like in the below image
▪ Before
assigning the condition we have to goto our freight unit type and remove our
purchasing org. and purchasing grp
▪ After doing the same we have to
assign the condition in our freight unit type
●
By removing the purchasing org and purchasing
group we are not able to find our purchasing org and group in our freight unit
●
If you maintain condition in our freight unit
type automatically system will pick our purchasing org and purchasing group in
our freight unit
▪ Error
message:-numbers in number range 01 for object RV_BELEG are almost used up.
Tcode:snro
and give RV_BELEG
●
If you want to check the number range that we
are using tcode:vov8 we have to go to
our sales document type and see no.range
int.asst
●
We can move the conditions from one system to
another system.
Extractors:- with
the help of these extractors we can pull the data and we can update the same
data in TM system and with this extractors we can create a freight unit manually from non SAP business systems.
●
The
standard solution is that we have to activate a check mark in the logistics
integration profile then only we can create a freight unit in the system
●
As we
can see in the above image there is a tick mark checked in the automatic
freight unit building in that way system is able to create a freight unit
manually
●
if you want to create a freight unit manually we
have to go to Fiori apps---------------------->transportation-logistics
integration----->delivery integration
●
In this area we can able to see our freight
units manually and create delivery for the same freight units which are created
manually
●
Shipping type in freight unit can come from our
sales order document and it can also come from our TM document with the help of
transportation mode in shipper and retailer scenerios. If we are in LSP &
FF it will come from the FWO(forwording order)
●
If you want to maintain the shipping type we
have to goto our sales order tcode-va01 and goto header data----->shipping
tab and maintain shipping conditions like in the below image.
●
If you mainteined the same then the same will be
determined in our freight unit
●
As we can see in the above picture when we
defined our shipping type in our sales order in header data we can see our
transportation mode determined in our freight unit
▪ With the help of Geo
cordinates system will help you to determine the exact location
●
In the above image we can see that geo
cordinates and with the help of the same system will able to determine the
exact location
Direct shipment
options:- it means that we are transporting the goods directly to the
customer without doing any planning in
TM it is done where the customer needs the urgent requirement of the goods
❖ PLANNING AND EXECUTION:-
●
TOR:- FU,
FB, FO------------------->transportation order
●
TRQ:-FWO,
OTR, DTR------------->transportation request
▪ /scmtms is for TM system goto
table tcode se16n and enter this
condition /SCMTMS/D_TORROT this will
give you the entire information about your freight units, freight orders,
freight booking, service order, transportation unit, freight order copy for
tendering
▪ In
this way we can see the freight units
●
In the above image we can see that we have had
all the document types that are to be displayed
●
If you give the table name as /scmtms/D_TRQROT then it will display
all the forwording orders.you can see the same in the below image
●
In the above image we have given the /SCMTMS/D_TRQROT then it will give you
about forwording orders
●
We can see the list of orders which are
displayed in the system
●
We can see that we can choose the orders which
are to be displayed
●
In HANA systems we dont have OTR and DTR
concepts
●
Presentation layer, application layer, database
layer
❖ Unplanned documents in TM:- FU, TU,
container, RCU
When we are working in rail car scenerio we have a concept
called RCM/OSEM. RCM stands for railcar management and OSEM stands for onsite
event management
● How
to plan -----------basing on best route, best vehicle, best price, customer
delivarable time
With the help of optimizer system will do automatic
planning and in transportation cockpit
● So,
whenever we are working for sap tm project we have to ask the basis guy to
install the optimizer engine in SAP TM
❖ To
check in which version we are working on we have to goto
system------status-----------product version details----goto installed product
versions
●
In the above image we can see that at which
product version we are working on and we have to see the service pack is
installed or not the same can be seen in the below image
●
In order to work that particular functionality
we have to check whether all the components have activated or not in the above
picture SAP TM is standalone and S4CORE is the embedded system
●
The above are the support packages and we have
to check whether all the support packages activated or not
●
And nextly we have to check whether the
optimizer is installed or not and the tcode for the same is rccf_verison
●
Here we have to check whether the optimizer is
installed or not
●
And there we can see all the versions whether
they are installed or not
●
If our client installed basic shipping we cannot
do the optimizer planning
▪ And in the below image we can see the
differences between basic and advanced shipping.
▪ We have to goto tcode SBGRFCMON-bgRFC monitor
▪ We have to click on execute on this particular
screen
▪ And
check whether all the green lights are present or not if there is a red light
then there is something absent in the system and the green light indicates
whether back and forth communication is happening or not
TRANSPORTATION PLANNING IN SAP TM
There are different kinds of plannings are there
They are:-
1. Manual planning
2. Optimizer planning
3. One step planning
4. Two step planning
5. Short cut planning
6. Back ground and fore ground planning
● Order management----transportation
planning---execution and tendering and monitoring---charges and settlement
❖ When
we are planning we have to observe how to plan, when to plan and what to plan
PROFILES:-
Profiles will help you to filter your
demands ie., freight units in the transportation cockpit.
1. Selection profile:- it is a profile
which will help you to filter your freight units based on time, geographical
and additional functions.
● Creation of selection profile:1. Time related attributes
2.
Geographical related attributes
3.
Additional functions
❖ Selection profile will have only three
attributes they are listed above
1. Time
related attributes:-
delivarable dates xx---for A
product-------A location------------------B location-------->28/02/2021
A product-------A location -----------------B
location------->01/03/2021
B product-------A location------------------Z
location-------->01/03/2021
C product-------A location------------------D
location------->10/03/2021
D product-------A location------------------E
location------->18/03/2021
F
product-------X location------------------Y location------->23/02/2021
●
Now the planner has to see the visibility of the
orders which needs to be delivarable by next 5 days and the todays date is 25th feb and now the
planner has to see the visibility of the orders which are to be delivarable in
the next 5 days.
●
From 25th the end date is -------->1st march we need to count from 25th the planner will see the visibility of
the goods which needs to be delivered in next 5 days and from the above dates
he can see 3 orders
●
From the above example system was unable to pick
the 23/02/2021 order and it is missing.
❖ Now
the planner has a visibility of 5 days future -------offset days---3 past and from the above example
system will pick the orders from 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and that is the time period
we have in our planning area because from 25th system will go 3 days back and the system
will consider the orders which are missed in the past and since system is
taking 3 days offset dates now system will calculate from 22nd system will calculate
5 days future from 22nd and
the latest delivarable date is 26th and the orders will be picked by the system is only one
ie., 23/02/2021.if you take 10 days future
and 3 days past then system will pick only 4 orders. And
there is a holiday on 26th
so system will not consider holidays and system will consider 26th as a holiday and it
will extend the delivarable date
10 days (future)---offset days---3
22, 23, 24, 25, 26,27, 28, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
● From
the above example system will consider 26th as holiday and It will extend the date to 5th and the new
delivarable date is 5th of
march
● Transportation
cockpit is a place where we can see the visibility of our freight units,
freight orders, trucks, trailers or our shipment documents in a single area
❖ We need to create a selection profile in
fiori apps
Path for creating selection profile in
nwbc is---->application
administration------------->profiles----->create selection profiles
❖ Selection
profile path in fiori apps----->fiori apps---> profiles and
settings--->create selection profile
❖ From
the above image we can create a selection profile and in the above image we can
see the selection profile inside of the profile
❖ Inside
the selection profile it looks as in the above image
PLANNING PROFILE:- planning
profile will help you to plan our shipments based on
1. Capacity
selection settings
2. Optimiser
settings
3. Cost
and constraints settings
4. Carrier
selection settings
5. Incompatability
settings
6. Manual
settings
7. Scheduling
settings
8. Profile
settings
9. Load
planning settings
●
Without
planning profile we cannot plan our shipments
Planning profile
creation path:- fiori apps--->transportation- profiles and
settings-------->create planning profile.
●
In the
above image we can see the creation of a planning profile
❖ And
the planning profile will look like in the above image
❖ The
selection profile will help you to filter our freight units basing on the
pickup and delivery dates and planning profile will help you to plan our
shipments
❖ Delivery
based planning means we have to create a delivery and from that delivery we
have to create a freight order and the ownership will be there at our ECC
system level and order based planning means we are creating a sales order and
freight order and doing all the kind of planning here and sending the final
information to our ECC/business system saying that these are the latest dates
which are to be delivered to the end customer location
❖ When
we do order based planning the entire authority is at our end now and when we
do delivery based planning we are committed to our customer
❖ The
route which we get in sales order is not actual route its just a proposed route
and the route which we get in delivery document is the actual route
Error
messages:-
1. No
delivery proposal for FU 41XXX: FU not relavent for delivery integration
2. 1
FU is unsuitable for delivery proposal; removed from scope
3. 1
selected objects is unsuitable for delivery proposal; removed from scope
● If
these error messages popped up then we have to change the control keys or
enable to move the sales order to outbound delivery and the same is present in
the above image or we have to change the control keys to 0052
If we select outbd.delivery then system will allow the same
TM will do planning in optimizer
● From
the above image we can choose the class and the Goto se24 to enhance the
methods /SCMTMS/CL_PC_METHODS from
that we can enhance the methods if we double click on the same we cn enhance
the same by entering into the programm
▪ TRQ-----> FWO, OTR and DTR
▪ TOR-----> FU, FO, FB, service
order
▪ Any
error in the cockpit the tcode for the same is slg1 and we have to enter our user id and click on execute then
system will give you the exact error message
▪ From the above image we can see that we
have to enter our user id and click on execute
▪ And from the above image we can
see the exact error in the system
▪ And
from the above image we can see whether there are any authorization issues are
present or not and the tcode su53
❖ Parallel processing profiles:- These
are the profiles which are used to split the servers and allot the space
accordingly
● Some
examples of server sizing can be seen in the below image
● From
the above image we can see that it is for sap scm
● This
is the server sizing of sap tm
❖ So,
whenever we don’t see the trucks in our cockpit that means that we haven’t
maintained the capacity selection settings we have to maintain the capacity
selection settings in planning profile and these settings will help us to
determine trucks, trailers, schedules etc., in our cockpit
o We
have to maintain the capacity selection settings then only we can see the
resources in our transportation cockpit and we can see the same in the above
image
● And when we maintained the same we can
see our resources in our cockpit
▪ In
realtime if something is not displayed we have to retrigger the sales order to
do the same we have to goto sales order and enter some notes and in that way we
can retrigger the sales order and automatically the sales order gets refreshed
and will update in the corrosponding freight unit
Error
messages:-
1. messages
for capacity selection settings XXX resource selection using resource
attribute.
2. Choose
either trm specific or trm unspecific selection options only
● The meaning of those error messages is
when you are maintaining mode of transport relavance maintain mode of transport
relavance if you are not maintaining mode of transport relavance don’t assign
the same.
From
the above images we can see the error
messages
A cash sale is a sale in which immediate delivery is
possible in cash sales the control lies on our document type and tcode vov8 and
BV is for cash sales for all your cash sales delivery will be automatically
If you maintain “ X
“ then system will create delivery
automatically whenever we save our sales order which means that for all of our
cash sales delivery will be created automatically and in this scenerio we don’t
require a planning because customer will come and he/she themselves will take
away the goods
So in TM when we create a sales order with the document
type BV then system will create
delivery automatically
●
We can
see that in above image in cash sales delivery is automatically created,
firstly sales order will get saved and then delivery will be created. And it
will not move to TM.that is not moved to TM because of our shipping conditions
●
The shipping condition for BV document type is
10 ie., as soon as possible it is for cash sale business. And we don’t require
to plan and we don’t require a freight unit in cash sales and if you want to
move this sales order to TM system we have to change the document type In sales
order relavance to TM as BV
●
In this type of scenerio we have to enter our
freight order document type directly in our FUBR(freight unit building rule).
●
Long term
planning is nothing but planning your documents with freight units
▪ And
from the above example we can see that system has generated a freight order
directly and the series of freight order is “61” it starts with “61” and for
freight unit it starts with “41” and from here we have to create a delivery to
our customer location
▪ In
express courier and parcel scenerios If the weight of a product is below 750kgs
by default system will create a freight order. It is the standard rule in any
industry not only in sap tm system will create a execution document
▪ Error
messages:-
1. Optimiser
run failed
2. No
transportation lanes passed to the optimizer
3. No
distance and duration calculation possible for stage XXX FO XXX stage 10-XXX
4. XXX
freight unit otc XXX acceptable times for pickup/delivery at XXX at XXX is
outside plan horizon the meaning of the error is say for example we have to
deliver a good on 7th of
march and we are delivering the same at 8th of march that is the reason why the error
popped up
5. None
of the transportation demands can be planned
Transportation lanes will combine the transportation zones
and we have to assign the transportation lanes to transportation zones
In source zones we have to maintain the shipping point with
the prefix sp_ , and in destination zones we have to maintain the customer
Through lanes system will understand through which
particular zones we have to travel from source to destination
●
Creation
of transportation lanes path:- sap easy
access----->logistics------->transportation management---->master
data--->transportation network---->transportation zone------>/SCMTMS/TL5-define transportation lanes
Always we have to remember that if you don’t have a proper
location we cannot create a transportation lanes between the locations.
●
If we create the lanes between the shipping
point and customer location as we can see in the above image we have to create
so much of master data and instead of that we can maintain the transportation
lanes in between the transportation zones and in those zones we can combine
multiple lanes
●
And from the above image we can observe that in
the transportation zones we can maintain multiple locations and to create a
transportation lane either we require a proper location or transportation zone
data
●
In between transportation zones we have to
maintain the transportation lanes and with which means of transport we are
travelling in those lanes we have to define that particular means of transport
also and the same can be seen from the above image
●
We have to assign means of transport and the
carrier to the same
●
While we are creating the carrier we can
directly assign the transportation zone
▪ Like
we can see in the above image we can directly assign the transportation zone
while we are creating the career and we have to assign source zone to the
carrier
▪ Always
we have to remember that when we are creating a career we have to assign the
vendor roles first and the we have to assign FLVN01 purchasing, and FLVN00
company code and there after we have to assign the carrier CRM010
▪ if
the carrier role was not avaiable we have to goto cross application
components-------->sap business partner----->business partner--->basic
settings--->business partner roles---> define bp roles
▪ from
the above image we can see the path where we have to assign the bp roles and
after entering the same we have to goto CRM010 role and we have to change bp
view from BPTM00 to BPTM02 (external TM data for carrier)
● from
the above image we can see that bp view as BPTM00 and we have to change the
same to BPTM02 (external TM data for
carrier)we have to maintain that role
● if
system has planned system will give the above messages as seen in the image
● if
you maintain transportation lanes then only system will plan our freight units
● system
will consider priority and cost is also less for the same that is the reason
why in the above example system is considering the Full ton truck
● because
the main theme of sap tm is to minimize our freight cost
❖ load planning settings will be
helpful when we do our handling unit, package building. So whenever you want to
build or load our truck
● if
we are plannig 100 trucks its very tough to watch all the loads regarding the
same and with this 3D load plan we can see the length, height of the package
with the help of 3D load plan in sap tm
● with
the help of visual business system will automatically give the dimensions of
the truck
● load
planning means how much load we are loading and how much distance it is
travelling
● firstly
we have to activate the load plan settings in planning profile and later on we
have to work on the resource viewer. 2150 is the standard rule in sap tm load
plan settings
❖ Resource viewer activation path:- fiori apps ---->transportation
master data---------------->resource viewer
● We
have to select our means of transport then system will display our truck in the
resource viewer and the same we can see in the above picture
● It
is not required to activate visual business in s4 systems and when we are
working on standalone system it is required
● In
the above image we can see the split deck picture
● If
you want to see the load planning settings in your sap tm cockpit then we have
to activate our page layout for the cockpit and remove the standard layout
❖ Page layout creation path:- fiori
apps----->transportation-profiles and settings---->page layout for
transportation cockpit
❖ The
same path can be seen in the above
picture
● If
it gets locked by the other user then we have to goto tcode se09
❖ And
we have to release the user which he has been locked by him
● We
have to click on new and enter our own page layout for transportation cockpit ● And
after entering the same we can the view in the below image
● From
the above image we have to activate explanation load planning
● From
the above picture we can see that we can configure the 4 quadrants in the sap
tm cockpit
● In
ewm we have shipping cockpit and in tm we have transportation cockpit
● From
the above image we have to add the quadrants in our cockpit and the same will
be reflected in our transportation cockpit
● We
can see the map display in our transportation cockpit and we can map our
shipments also
● This
is the picture of a customized transportation cockpit and the same can be seen
in the above picture
❖ Yard management is not part of s4
system but, in s4 system we have a concept called yard logistics
● From
the above picture we can see the integration between the EWM, TM, and yard
logistics on a single platform all the things which we can do in ewm system the
same can be done in yard logistics
● Carrier
selection settings plays an important role in selecting a carrier and if it is
one step process system will automatically pick the carrier from step one
process VSR_1step
● Whenever
system selects the carrier system will always check for incompatibilites
● In
carrier selection settings we have to maintain a strategy called tsps_Def and TSPS stands for transportation planning
and scheduling
● While
we are doing planning only system has to check whether there are any
incompatibilites are present or not then only we have to plan that particular
shipment otherwise we have to detach the freight units from the freight order
manually and it will assign the same to the compatible truck and we can do the
compatible in freight unit and freight order level
● Dangerous
goods check has to complete without errors then only system will plan our
shipment documents and we can see the same in the above image
● Whenever
we are working on DIRECT SHIPMENT
OPTIONS firstly system will create a freight unit, after system will create
a freight order and the system will assign the freight order to a carrier
● Always
we have to remember that carrier selection will happen at freight order level
not at freight unit level
● The
carrier selection strategy is CARR_SEL and
the service for the same is TOR_CREATE
● TOR_CREATE is nothing but freight order
creation and TOR stands for
transportation order
● freight
unit is nothing but our delivery document
● there
is a structure method called service
method and strategy in this strategy will assigned to a
service---->service is assigned to a method---->method is assigned to a
class and then we assign our custom strategy to a service then the service will
be assigned to the method.
● Delivery scheduling concept:- it helps
us to determine the delivery dates as per the pickup time, packing time, lead
time, loading time, transportation time, transit time here system will consider
all these times while delivering the same
o Example:- today we have created a sales
order on 17/03/2021 and the customer will receive the goods on 19/03/2021
1. for
picking 1 day
2. after
packing the goods and load the goods into the truck 1 day
3. during
the transportation from our location to customer location 2 days.
4. Loading
and unloading it will take 1 day
● So
basing on the above example system cannot deliver the goods to the customer on
19/03/2021 and actually it shall be delivered by 22/03/2021 and the customer is
expecting the goods to be delivered to him by 19/03/2021 and backward
scheduling is always customer requested delivery dates so system will do the
backward scheduling first
● And,
whenever system fails to do so then system will do forword scheduling
● By
default system will go for backward scheduling
● And
the same can be seen in the above image
● Even
though If you don’t have a transportation cockpit you can create a freight
order and same can be seen in the following Image to do the same we have to
goto create road freight order and select our freight order
type---->items---->
● We
have to enter our freight unit number starting with the series 41 and we have
to assign our means of transport and we have to enter our purchasing
organisation and we have to select our carrier.
● With
the help of EDI 210 automatically system will post MIRO document will be posted
and once miro document is posted the
information will be passed to the carrier saying that
invoice is created
● Brown field implementation means
already implementation was completed on sap platform and we are going to extend
for new
dimensional module
● Green field implementation means fresh
implementation to our client business process
● TM can calculate charges at item level,
header level, stage level, product level, package level, container level,
handling unit level
● At
header level we will see our pricing procedure and the same can be seen in the
below image
● Whenever
we remove action sequence it is called as
header condition and when we don’t see action sequence it is called as
header condition and when we see action sequence that is called as item
condition and the main difference between header and item condition is header
condition is applicable to whole document and whereas in item condition is
applicable exclusively only to that particular item only.
TM can be implemented in two releases
Release 1
:-so--->fu--->fo--->tendering--->ecc(shipment)--->shipment
cost--->ses---------
spo--->miro--->customer billing Release
2:-so/po/IBD/OBD/------->fu-fo/FB----->tendering------------------------------------------>cha
rges/settlement ----->SES------>SPO----->MIRO
● The
difference between these two are we will not create a shipment document in the
second release
❖ CHARGES AND SETTLEMENT:-
● To
determine/ see pricing procedure tcode v/08
and the standard pricing procedure is RVAA01.
And for MM tcode for the same is M/08.
We will see the pricing at header level.
● V/06 to maintain condition types PR00
● If
we remove action sequence it is called as sequence and the condition type is HB00 there we cant see the action
sequence.
● Freight
order is called shipment document in ECC system
● Templates
are predefined document types in SAP TM
● In
condition we have to maintain PR00 to
determine price
● we
cannot select a carrier Without optimizer even when you assigned the same
carrier to the transportation lanes.
ECC/S4-----------------------------------------------------------------------TM
Condition
table
freight agreement
Access sequence
calculation sheet
Condition type
rate table
Pricing procedure charge
type
Pricing procedure determination
charge category
Condition records
charge sub category
Scales
Calculation
profile
Charges
profile
Organisation
determination
And always ECC follows
here it is taking top up approach
bottom up approach In SD and MM it
always starts with bottom up approach.
▪ Error
messages while calculating charges:a
The error messages can be seen in the above image
▪ We have to assign our freight
agreement to our organisation determination
Creation of freight
agreement path:- spro--->transportation management--->master
data-----> agreements and service products--->define freight agreement
types, here we have to select our freight agreement and again in fiori apps we
have to create freight agreement and the path is contract management---->create freight agreement
● The
standard freight agreement type is 2000
● We have to activate multiple parties in freight
agreement types so that we can reduce the master data
● As
we can see that we can enter multiple purchase organisations from the above
picture
● We
have to maintain our purchase
organisation and carrier when we
are creating our freight agreement and
the same can be seen in the above picture and the same
freight agreement can be used for
multiple purchase organisations ● In calculation
sheet we have to give our charge
type, rate table.
● Seperately
we need not create a calculation sheet we
can press add calculation sheet system will automatically create a calculation
sheet for us and the same can be seen from the below image
Different
charge types in sap TM:-
1. Base price charge (FB00)
● When
we want to move the goods from one location to another location
2. Stop-off
charge
● When
the driver gets exhausted the customer has to pay the charge that is called as
stop-off charge
3. Fuel
charge
● Generally,
we have to 1% fuel charge on the base amount
Eg if
the base price is 25,000 we have to 1% on that 25,000/-
4. Detention
charge
● It
is a charge where the carrier has arrived to the customer location but the
customer hasn’t given the permission to enter into his premises. As a general
practice carrier will wait 30 min outside the premises of the customer and from
the next min. he will start charging and thereafter the customer has to pay for
every minute
5. ADJ
charge
TM has a strong engine called transportation charge
calculation management(TCCM) With the help of this tccm tm can calculate the
charges at stage level, item level,header level and it can calculate the charge
at each and every segment level
In delivery based planning we cannot see the TM status tab
in our sales order and after creating a delivery only we can see the tm status
bar in the sales order
Creation of freight
agreement path:-fiori apps------->contract
management------------------->create freight agreement.
● To check our freight agreement we have to
navigate to freight agreement worklist which is in fiori apps
▪ From the above image we can see the
list of freight agreements
▪ To
goto ECC pricing condition types we have to goto tcode v/06 and PR00 is the
base price basing on the condition clause system knows that it is a base price
and in the same way system comes to know that it is a base price by charge category(FB00) and the category
is 004.
▪ From the below image we can see
charge category and charge subcategory
▪
Charge types
creation path:- spro----->transportation management------>basic
functions----->charge calculation---->basic settings----->define
charge types
● And
image can be seen below
Warehouse billing:- since
another member is placing there goods in our warehouse we will charge for the
space which we lent to him and that is called as warehouse
billing and TM and EWM communicate frequently
And for warehouse billing we need to activate a check mark
in our freight agreement type where it will enable us to do warehouse billing.
And, the same can be seen In the below image.
▪ Difference
between stop and stop-off/dentation charges is that
whenever carrier is waiting outside with the delivarable goods at customer
location then in sap tm they will trigger an event saying that we have reached
the destination location but the customer havent given the permission to enter
into their premises but I have reached to the destination location and as a
standard practice the carrier will wait for
30 minutes and after that particular period of time the
carrier will charge for the same.
▪ Stop/waiting charge is nothing but
whenever we are doing multidrop and multipick there is a time lapse between the
loading and unloading of the goods. As a general practice the carrier will wait
for 10-15 min in the location and beyond that point if the carrier is ideal so
the carrier will charge for the same.
Steps
to calculate charges in TM:-
1.
we have to create charge
types------------>FB00---basic price
2.
Then we have to go to fiori apps and we have
to goto our freight agreement types and their in our freight agreement we have
to click on insert to insert our charge
types. And the same can be seen in the below image
3.
We have to the status of our freight
agreement if it is in in progess state we
cant use the freight agreement
4.
To use the same freight agreement we have to
click on set status------->released and
the same can be seen in the below image
5.
And after the same the status will change to
released and the same can be seen in the below image
❖ Calculation profile:- calculation
profile will help you to determine your charges based on your header, item and
stage data.
❖ Calculation profile creation path:- spro----->transportation
management------------------->basic functions---->charge
calculation------->basic settings------>define calculation profile and
the same can be seen in the below image
❖ Charges profile:- charges profile will help
you to determine your calculation profile while triggering charges in the
freight order.
Charges profile
creation path:- spro----->transportation management-----> basic
functions---->charge calculation------->basic settings------>define
charges profile. And the same can be seen in the below image
6. In
charges profile we will assign the calculation profile and the same can be seen
in the below image
7. What
we have done is firstly we have created calculation profile and in charges
profile we have assigned our calculation profile.
8. After
the same we have to assign the charges profile in our TM organisation
determination and the Tcode for the same is PPOME. We can see the same in the below image.
▪ Firstly
system will look for it is compatable for creating charges or not then it will
go to carrier because we have assigned our carrier to our TM purchase
organisation and the same can be seen in the below image.
And system will look for calculation sheet in that
particular freight agreement and for charge types and now finally system will
calculate the charges in TM and finally system shall calculate the charges and
that can be seen in the below image
And system will show our agreement and the same can be seen
in the below image
Everything is found in our freight agreement
And finally system has completed semi calculation of
charges in TM
▪ Cost
distribution in sap TM:-
Eg:-
Whenever we are transporting the goods one is having weight of 100 kgs And
the other was having the weight of 50 kgs system shall distribute the charges
in in sap TM. And the truck is charging Rs.1000/- for 100 kgs and Rs.500/- for
50 kgs now system shall distribute the charges according to their weight.
FLOW CHART OF CALCULATION OF CHARGES IN
SAP TM:-
Freight agreement
Calculation
sheet
Charge
types(FB00-base price, stop, stop-off etc.,)
Calculation
profile
Assignment of calculation
Charges profile profile to charges profile
Organisational determination in TM
Charges
profile
❖ In
calculation profile level we can determine our charges at header level, item
level, stage level.
❖ To
do cost distribution we have to goto our freight order type and in that freight
order type we have to enable cost distribution
❖ DEFINE COST DISTRIBUTION PROFILES PATH:- SPRO------->transportation
management-------->basic functions-------->cost
distribution------>define cost distribution profiles
If we are doing shipper scenerio we have to select
distribution level as order/delivery item.
If we are doing LSP & FF we have to select forwording
order
Comments
Post a Comment